The Ionian Revolt was the start of the first Persian War. The Persian War takes place around 539 BC. During this time, Cyrus the Great was the ruler of Persian and West Asia. Cyrus the Great was a cruel ruler by increasing taxes and placing tyrants. In 510 BC Cyrus the Great signed a peace treaty with Macedon. The Greco-Persian Wars were a series of wars that took place between 499-488 BC. These wars were approximately half a decade long.
The Peloponnesian War lasted between 431-404 BC. This war was between the Spartans and the Athenians. The Peloponnesian War was divided into three different phases. The first phase was the Archidamian War that was fought between land-ruling powers. Sparta called an attack on Athenians, lasting only 40 days. In 430 BC, Athens had a plague epidemic. It wiped out ¼ of the population. In 425 BC Athenians captured 300-400 hoplites, making Athenians the dominant ruler.
In 416 BC, the Sicilian War took place. Under the rein of Alcibiades, Sicily was attacked by Syracuse. Soon after, Alcibiades was held for crimes against Hermai. Since he was found guilty, his ranking was taken away, making him a Spartan messenger.
Sparta made the first move to attack in 414 BC, creating the Ionian War. Athens was given support by Crimea, but the Spartans saw a new leadership in Lysander, giving them the opportunity to start a new armada. Sparta offered peace to Athenians, but they violently declined. After this happened, Lysander blocked all naval power while their army attacked on land. By doing this, it closed Athens food supply and they eventually surrendered to Sparta.
After the war was over, the ‘Thirty Tyrants’’ ruled for a short period of time. Democracy was reintroduced in 403 BC. Philip II of Macedon conquered all of Greece and the Spartans Empire and power diminished almost instantly. |